A Single Day Exploration Of The Cambodian Angkor Temples...

I thought I would do a single day exploration of the Cambodian Angkor temples, thinking it was just one or two piles of rocks I d be looking at, but I needed a three day pass to see all of them and I still don t think I spent enough time. The sun was beating down hard and climbing the insanely steep stairs of each temple was exhausting with the heavy camera equipment bag stuck to my sweat-soaked back. There is one hundred or so temples that were built between the ninth and fourteenth centuries and left for the jungle to swallow and for people to pilfer. Some of the temples have massive trees that have grown around and through the stone and now support some of the structures. It s fascinating to see the thick web of roots cascading down over the walls of the carved stones. Piles of rubble that used to be roofs lay everywhere and make me think, should I be walking under that unstable looking stone roof that hasn t collapsed yet? Some of the stone walls are leaning so far over that walk ing beside them is frightening. The movie Tomb Raider was filmed in one of the temples, a guide that works there told me, just before he asked for fifteen dollars for twenty minutes of showing me the best spots to take my pictures. After each drive to the next set of temples, I would climb out of the car and was greeted by numerous vendors, all coveting the valuable American notes I was hiding in my pockets. You need cold drink man?, come eat here, I know your driver, and you buy

Accounting Theories Has Become Popularâ€Free Samples for Students

Question: How To The Accounting Theories Has Become Popular? Answer: Introduction In current, the concept of accounting theories has become popular all around the world. Business organizations mainly emphasis on accounting theories to perform accounting financial practices accurately. Along with this, accounting theories exemplify conceptual frameworks, assumptions, and methodologies that are required in the relevance of the accounting standards, and accounting rules principles to improve the transparency as well as efficiency of businesses. In today's more mind boggling business situation, accounting theories have turned out to be essential need to the business associations. Accounting theories are set of suppositions and in addition procedures those are utilized to choose suitable money related detailing standards. Accounting theories include an examination of authentic establishments of bookkeeping practices. These hypotheses include the courses in which bookkeeping practices may change. Bookkeeping speculations include money related revealing standards insid e the administrative structure to oversee monetary proclamations and budgetary announcing of business associations appropriately. Accounting theories give sensible systems to bookkeeping practices of organizations. Besides, positive accounting theory (PAT) and normative accounting theory (NAT) are two noteworthy bookkeeping speculations those delineate the philosophies, suspicions, and reasonable structures those are basic to apply monetary bookkeeping rules and in addition standards suitably. This essay is valuable to portray the ideas identified with the bookkeeping speculations and to illuminate the contrast between positive and normative theories of accounting. This essay is valuable to demonstrate the components that prompted the advancement of PAT of bookkeeping arrangement decision. Positive Accounting Theory and Normative Accounting Theory A bookkeeping hypothesis is an arrangement of characterized standards and rules that guide business firms to apply legitimate bookkeeping hones and budgetary standards to enhance the straightforwardness of the associations. In addition, these bookkeeping hypotheses are bound by the theoretical structure that is set by the Financial Accounting Standards Board. Bookkeeping hypotheses function as administrative benchmarks; and assemble new bookkeeping practices and techniques for the organizations (Ghanbari, Manesh, Khorasani and Nejad, 2016). Moreover, positive and normative are two noteworthy bookkeeping speculations and they are bound by the theoretical structure of bookkeeping. Additionally, both these are the speculations of bookkeeping; yet there are various contrasts in their inclination of work. These distinctions make them vary from each other. Both positive and normative bookkeeping speculations are critical in the use of bookkeeping gauges as well as practices. There are various contrasts between these speculations of bookkeeping. For instance, the significant distinction is that positive theory depends on the certainties of genuine occasions. Be that as it may, the normative bookkeeping hypothesis depends on suppositions, convictions, and esteem judgments. Positive accounting hypothesis is an elucidating hypothesis; while normative bookkeeping hypothesis is a prescriptive hypothesis. Positive bookkeeping hypothesis has a goal point of view (Collin, Tagesson, Andersson, Cato and Hansson, 2009). In any case, the viewpoint of regulating hypothesis is subjective. The point of positive hypothesis is analyze genuine truths and information and furthermore to give results on the premise of these realities and information. The real point of normative hypothesis is to uncover the fate of business firms by considering the sentiment s, convictions, and esteem judgments of individuals. In addition to this, PAT is essentially utilized by business associations to assess past budgetary occasions to settle on suitable money related choices. It is additionally used to make monetary reports, accounting report, money related proclamations, money streams, and so on to enhance straightforwardness and productivity of the business exchanges (Malmi and Granlund, 2009). NAT is essentially used to make forecasts for the future development of the associations. This hypothesis of bookkeeping creates business morals and benchmarks for the organizations. Positive hypothesis of bookkeeping looks at the patterns and occasions that are occurring on the planet. PAT hypothesis utilizes inductive way to deal with settle on bookkeeping choices legitimately. The inductive approach uncovers the past encounters and existing suppositions to grow new bookkeeping principles and directions for the development of organizations. Interestingly, normative hypothesis of bookkeeping depicts the proper practices and principles for the organizations. It doesn't analyze or anticipate any patterns to settle on such sorts of choices. Deductive approach is utilized by the normative hypothesis of bookkeeping (Griff, 2014). In this deductive approach, strategy creators initially build up the distinctive goals of bookkeeping and further plan the hypothesis as indicated by these preset targets. On the other hand, PAT assumes an urgent part to look at the occasions, exchanges, and events of genuine. It watches that how business firms are thinking about these genuine occasions and exchanges to settle on choices identify with bookkeeping (Melis, 2007). NAT assumes a noteworthy part to portray future perspectives identified with business. This hypothesis of accounting does not consider the things and angles that have occurred in earlier years. With the assistance of NAT, records end up noticeably ready to establish that what they need to accomplish for the future development and achievement of organizations. Positive theory predicts moves that would be made by the approach creators in the choice of new arranged bookkeeping gauges, practices, and strategies. It is about to comprehend and predict the decisions of bookkeeping strategies inside various business organizations. With the assistance of PAT hypothesis, business firms uncover their expectations for nonstop survival in to day's more confused business time (Zalaghi and Khazaei, 2016). NAT give powerful methodologies to the proceeded with presence of business organizations. Along with this, positive theory assesses circumstances and end results relationship among various angles or factors of organizations. Be that as it may, normative hypothesis simply just offers esteem judgments for the development of organizations (Haslam and Sikka, 2016). Additionally, positive hypothesis considers logical strategies to assess explanations identified with the positive bookkeeping hypothesis. The announcements of regulating hypothesis can't be inspected by utilizing logical strategies or some other strategy. Positive hypothesis makes investigation of genuine occasions; though normative hypothesis gives headings to business firms. Positive hypothesis advises issues identified with organizations. Be that as it may, normative hypothesis offers answers for fathom these issues viably. Arrangements given by the regulating hypothesis are completely in light of the suppositions, convictions, and esteem judgments (Inanga and Schneider, 2005). Along these lines, these are the real contrasts exist amongst positive and regulating speculations of bookkeeping. On the other hand, there are various elements that prompted the improvement of positive bookkeeping hypothesis of bookkeeping arrangement decision. For instance, the central point that prompted the advancement of positive hypothesis of bookkeeping is the need of genuine patterns to put forth money related expressions and announcing of business associations. Beyond any doubt business firms take into contemplations every one of the occasions that have been happened in past years. Yet, they have need of the current patterns to enhance the straightforwardness and precision of monetary reports of the organizations. Positive bookkeeping hypothesis is the one that consider all the genuine occasions in the basic leadership of organizations (Jeanjean and Ramirez, 2009). Alongside this, business firms would be more profited by utilizing positive bookkeeping hypothesis in the planning of monetary reports. They are cheerfully prepared to pay expenses to get ready monetary reports even they don't obliged to take after any administer and direction to do as such. With the assistance of positive hypothesis, they would be guarantee that they are taking after legitimate controls, and paying suitable expenses to get ready money related reports of the organizations. The positive hypothesis assumes a noteworthy part to decrease business expenses and spare time of the business affiliations. Prior to the improvement of positive hypothesis of bookkeeping, business firms need to procure money related specialists to get ready budgetary reports as indicated by the suitable bookkeeping models. This thing expands the expenses of the organizations (Waweru, Prot Ntui and Mangena, 2011). As it were, it can be said that, in such conditions, this turns into an expensive action to the business firms. Be that as it may, with the assistance of positive bookkeeping hypothesis, business firms wind up noticeably ready to plan monetary reports according to the bookkeeping norms and administration attributes of the organizations. It is a direct result of the positive hypothesis assumes a basic part to give certainties and occasions of genuine. These genuine actualities and occasions absolutely work in the support of organizations. In addition, business associations n eed to choose fitting bookkeeping techniques that may offer traditionalist measures of benefits, values, and benefits. In this circumstance, positive hypothesis is the one that can offer conventional and present day measures in a period firm. No other hypothesis of bookkeeping including normative hypothesis and capital markets hypothesis can perform such undertakings for the business associations (Schiehll, Borba and Murcia, 2007). Therefore, positive bookkeeping hypothesis has been created for the interests of organizations. Apart from this, stakeholder approach as well as legitimacy approach is experienced cases of the positive bookkeeping hypothesis. The stakeholder approach of positive bookkeeping hypothesis depicts effect of various bookkeeping gauges and standards on the partners of business associations (Malmi and Granlund, 2009). This approach assumes a basic part to confirm that the bookkeeping standards those are embraced and actualized by business firms will work in the support of the partners of organizations. It elevates business firms to take mind existing association with their partners before actualizing new bookkeeping arrangements. The partner approach of positive hypothesis does not give any new bookkeeping strategy to organizations; it just builds up solid connection between the business associations and their partners. Legitimacy approach is subsidiary from the positive hypothesis of bookkeeping. It is valuable to clear up and build up the authenticity of the practices of organization s. It analyzes the present practices of organizations to choose that what the business associations are doing is honest to goodness or not (Budding, Grossi and Tagesson, 2014). Along these lines, both stakeholder approach and legitimacy approach of positive bookkeeping hypothesis assume a noteworthy part to elevate business firms to do all the business exercises in a legitimate and a moral way. In addition to this, if business associations need to set bookkeeping principles then positive hypothesis of bookkeeping would be connected rather than normative hypothesis of bookkeeping. There are various explanations for this. The significant explanation for it is that the positive hypothesis takes into contemplations just information and in addition actualities of true. It doesn't just include convictions and suppositions of individuals to settle on such vital choices identified with organizations. The predications of individuals may a noteworthy reason of disappointment of business associations (Penman, 2013). In addition, the present time is the logical period. The positive hypothesis concentrates on logical strategies to test all the choice identified with the bookkeeping guidelines of organizations. It doesn't foresee anything. The approach guarantees that the proposed bookkeeping measures would have the capacity to satisfy the objectives and goals of organizations in a prede fined day and age. It likewise ensures that the proposed bookkeeping norms would be able to build up a successful association with their partners. The positive hypothesis does not make normative hypothesis unimportant. It includes the suppositions, convictions, and judgments of normative methodology; yet gives just genuine and exact results to organizations (Avel, 2014). In perspective of that, positive hypothesis would be connected to set bookkeeping benchmarks to satisfy the goals identified with the organizations. It is a logical hypothesis and gives logical tasted results to the organizations. The choices and proclamations of this hypothesis are more proper as opposed to whatever other hypothesis of bookkeeping. Conclusion On the premise of the above examination, it can be inferred that, business firms are obliged to embrace and actualize bookkeeping speculations to enhance the straightforwardness and additionally fitness of the organizations. These bookkeeping hypotheses work in the support of organizations. Alongside this, positive and normative are two essential speculations of bookkeeping. Both these hypotheses work in various conditions. There are various contrasts amongst positive and normative hypotheses of bookkeeping. In any case, it doesn't imply that both these hypotheses are integral to each other. They work together for the development and accomplishment of organizations. In addition, the execution of these speculations is fundamental to make money related reports, budgetary choice, and monetary articulations in a precise way. There are various variables that settle on positive hypothesis as first decision to organizations. Generally speaking, it is likewise watched that, positive hypothes is is better than normative hypothesis of bookkeeping; and it is connected to set bookkeeping benchmarks in the business associations. References Avel, D. (2014). Positive accounting theory: theoretical and critical perspectives. International Journal of Critical Accounting, 6 (4), 396-415. Budding, T., Grossi, G. and Tagesson, T. (2014). Public Sector Accounting. NY: Routledge. Collin, S.O.Y., Tagesson, T., Andersson, A., Cato, J. and Hansson, K. (2009). Explaining the choice of accounting standards in municipal corporations: Positive accounting theory and institutional theory as competitive or concurrent theories. Critical perspectives on Accounting, 20(2), pp.141-174. Ghanbari, M., Manesh, M. Z., Khorasani, H. and Nejad, M. H. (2016). PAT (Positive Accounting Theory) and Natural Science. International Research Journal of Applied and Basic Sciences , 10(2), 177-182. Griff, M. (2014). Professional Accounting Essays and Assignments. USA: Lulu Press, Inc. Haslam, J. and Sikka, P. (2016). Pioneers of Critical Accounting: A Celebration of the Life of Tony Lowe. USA: Springer. Inanga, E.L. and Schneider, W.B. (2005). The failure of accounting research to improve accounting practice: a problem of theory and lack of communication. Critical Perspectives on Accounting, 16(3), pp.227-248. Jeanjean, T. and Ramirez, C. (2009). Back to the origins of positive theories: A contribution to an analysis of paradigm changes in accounting research. Accounting in Europe, 6(1), pp.107-126. Malmi, T. and Granlund, M. (2009). In search of management accounting theory. European Accounting Review, 18(3), pp.597-620. Melis, A. (2007). Financial statements and positive accounting theory: The early contribution of Aldo Amaduzzi. Accounting, Business Financial History, 17(1), pp.53-62. Penman, S. (2013). Accounting standard setting: Thoughts on developing a conceptual framework. China Journal of Accounting Studies, 1(3-4), pp.157-167. Schiehll, E., Borba, J.A. and Murcia, F.D.R. (2007). Financial accounting: an epistemological research note. Revista Contabilidade Finanas, 18(45), pp.83-90. Waweru, N.M., Prot Ntui, P. and Mangena, M. (2011). Determinants of different accounting methods choice in Tanzania: A positive accounting theory approach. Journal of accounting in emerging economies, 1(2), pp.144-159. Zalaghi, H. and Khazaei, M. (2016). The Role of Deductive and Inductive Reasoning in Accounting Research and Standard Setting. Asian Journal of Finance Accounting, 8(1), pp.23-37.

Joy Luck Club Essays (527 words) - Chinatown, San Francisco, Family

Joy Luck Club The Joy Luck Club, by Amy Tan, is a powerful portrayal of four Chinese women and the lives of their children in America. The book discusses the conflicting cultures between the United States and China, and how men treat women throughout their lives. People living in the United States usually take for granted their roles as a male or female. The culture of each country shapes the treatment one receives based on the sex of the individual. There are obvious differences within the different cultures. These differences show themselves in the work force, the distinct tasks performed in the home, and the privileges one receives in society. In the work force, the women of America hold many positions of importance. They are usually treated as equals with men and there are few jobs from which they are excluded. In China, women are expected to stay at home and are not permitted to be in a work force that is held exclusively for men. The women of America receive fair wages and have earned the right to work with men. In China, women are assigned the role of housewives and must stay at home to clean the house and raise the children. Women in America receive educations that will prepare them for the high paying jobs of a professional. The women in China are known for taking orders from their husbands. Another feature that is found to be different in China from America is the different roles women take in the home. The author explains that a Chinese woman is expected to be a good wife for her chosen husband. Girls are promised at an early age to a man. The story "The Red Candle" shows an arranged marriage where the author sacrificed her life to fulfill her parents' promise of marriage when she was only two years old. At the marriage ceremony the candle is lit at both ends and if neither end goes out it will be a successful marriage. Of course, the woman was the one held responsible for making the marriage a successful one. In an American marriage, each person is held accountable for the success of a marriage. There are no arranged marriages and no matchmakers as in the Chinese culture. Marriage is expected to be for love not to fulfill promises between families. Another difference reflected in the book is that the women in China have different privileges than men. In the story, Amy Tan, showed how women were not important enough to choose many things for themselves. They were given all the orders and were expected to follow them without question. They did not have choice in whom they married and whether they worked. Girls were also given to other families when they were young. A son could never go to another home to live. The women of America would never stand for this treatment. They are educated and make their own decisions. Differences in the cultures of Chinese and American women are numerous. Lena St. Clair says it best when she talks about the equality she has with her coworker, Harold. This is not possible in China, however, it is expected in America. The women in China appear to accept their misery. The women in America make every effort to rise above a life that does not place them at equal level as a man.

Leader paper essays

Leader paper essays Due to the times and struggles of our nation, I visualize Mayor Gulliani as an American leader. He has handled our country in this time of turmoil as good, if not better, than any other leader. John C. Maxwell describes what it is to be a leader in his book, The 21 Irrefutable Laws of Leadership. Out of the 21 laws, the four that pertain to Mayor Rudolph Gulliani during this time of crisis are The Law of Process, The Law of Navigation, The Law of Victory, and The Law of Priorities. Let us recall Rudolph Gulliani 15 years ago. Chances are that the majority of Americans did not look at Rudolph Gulliani from the standpoint of a follower, but as an equal. According to Maxwell, ...its true that some people are born with greater natural gifts than others, the ability to lead is really a collection of skills, nearly all of which can be learned and improved. But that process doesnt happen overnight. What this is saying is that leaders are bread. Mayor Gulliani is a New York Native, born in Brooklyn. After college he went on to law school to pursue a law degree, and following law school he became a United States Attorney in the state of New York. My father had the opportunity to work with Rudolph Gulliani as a Drug Enforcement Agent in the City of New York. My father has told me that Gulliani was a defense attorneys worst nightmare. He was respected, intimidating, and always searching for advancement. All of which are attributes of a leader. Maxwell says that it is the capacity to develop and improve their skills that distinguishes leaders from their followers. After working for the U.S. Attorney, Gulliani stretched his wealth of knowledge into politics where he continued his mold as a leader. Even after his tenure as the mayor of New York, Gulliani is running for U.S. Senate. Just another example of him striving to the top. Prior to the September 11th attacks Mayor Gulliani did amazing things with the city of Ne...

Creative Writing 101

Creative Writing 101 Creative Writing 101 Creative Writing 101 By Ali Hale What is Creative Writing? Creative writing is anything where the purpose is to express thoughts, feelings and emotions rather than to simply convey information. I’ll be focusing on creative fiction in this post (mainly short stories and novels), but poetry, (auto)biography and creative non-fiction are all other forms of creative writing. Here’s a couple of definitions: Creative writing is writing that expresses the writers thoughts and feelings in an imaginative, often unique, and poetic way. (Sil.org What is Creative Writing?) Writing is a form of personal freedom. It frees us from the mass identity we see all around us. In the end, writers will write not to be outlaw heroes of some underculture but mainly to save themselves, to survive as individuals. (Don DeLillo) Writing of any sort is hard, but rewarding work – you’ll gain a huge amount of satisfaction from a finished piece. Being creative can also be difficult and challenging at times, but immensely fun. How to get started Many people think that just because they’ve read a lot of stories (or even if they haven’t!) they should be able to write one. But as Nigel Watts writes: There is a common belief that because most of us are literate and fluent, there is no need to serve an apprenticeship if we want to become a successful wordsmith. †¦ That’s what I thought until I tried to write my first novel. I soon learnt that a novel, like a piece of furniture, has its own set of requirements, laws of construction that have to be learnt. Just because I had read plenty of novels didn’t mean I could write one, any more than I could make a chair because I had sat on enough of them. (Nigel Watts, Teach Yourself Writing a Novel) By all means, if you’re keen, jump straight in and have a go: but don’t be too disappointed if your first efforts aren’t as good as you’d hoped. To extend Watts’ metaphor, you may find that these early attempts have wonky legs and an unsteady seat. There are lots of great books aimed at new fiction writers, and I’d strongly recommend buying or borrowing one of these: Wannabe a Writer? (Jane Wenham-Jones) Teach Yourself †¦ Writing a Novel (Nigel Watts) How to Write Fiction (and Think About It) (Robert Graham) On Writing (Stephen King) I’d also recommend starting small. Rather than beginning with an epic fantasy trilogy, a family saga spanning five generations, or an entire adventure series †¦ have a go at a short story or a poem. And if you end up chewing your pen and staring at a sheet of paper, or gazing at a blank screen for hours, try kickstarting your writing with a short exercise. Don’t stop to think too much about it †¦ just get going, without worrying about the quality of the work you produce. Tips and tricks for beginners Do some short exercises to stretch your writing muscles – if you’re short of ideas, read the Daily Writing Tips article on â€Å"Writing Bursts†. Many new creative writers find that doing the washing up or weeding the garden suddenly looks appealing, compared to the effort of sitting down and putting words onto the page. Force yourself to get through these early doubts, and it really will get easier. Try to get into the habit of writing every day, even if it’s just for ten minutes. If you’re stuck for ideas, carry a notebook everywhere and write down your observations. You’ll get some great lines of dialogue by keeping your ears open on the bus or in cafes, and an unusual phrase may be prompted by something you see or smell. Work out the time of day when you’re at your most creative. For many writers, this is first thing in the morning – before all the demands of the day jostle for attention. Others write well late at night, after the rest of the family have gone to bed. Don’t be afraid to experiment! Don’t agonize over getting it right. All writers have to revise and edit their work – it’s rare that a story, scene or even a sentence comes out perfectly the first time. Once you’ve completed the initial draft, leave the piece for a few days – then come back to it fresh, with a red pen in hand. If you know there are problems with your story but can’t pinpoint them, ask a fellow writer to read through it and give feedback. HAVE FUN! Sometimes, we writers can end up feeling that our writing is a chore, something that â€Å"must† be done, or something to procrastinate over for as long as possible. If your plot seems wildly far-fetched, your characters bore you to tears and you’re convinced that a five-year old with a crayon could write better prose †¦ take a break. Start a completely new project, something which is purely for fun. Write a poem or a 60-word â€Å"mini saga†. Just completing a small finished piece can help if you’re bogged down in a longer story. Online resources NaNoWriMo Every November, hundreds of thousands of people just like you do something extraordinary: they write a novel in just thirty days. Want to be part of the coffee-fueled, manic-typing, adrenaline-rush that is National Novel Writing Month? (NaNoWriMo for short). Make sure you sign up by October 31st. The â€Å"rules† state that you can’t start writing Chapter 1 until 00.01am on November 1st but you can spend as long as you like before that planning†¦ Authors’ websites and blogs I read lots of websites and blogs written by authors and these give real (sometimes harsh) insights into what it’s like to write professionally. One which has been a strong favourite of mine for many years is Holly Lisle’s. Check out her advice for writers and her weblog. She also has an excellent newsletter which I subscribe to, and some very thorough and helpful e-books on various aspects of writing available for purchase. Competitions listings Having a theme and a deadline can make a startling difference to a writer’s motivation! If you’re in the UK, Sally Quilford’s competition listings are a comprehensive and regularly-updated list. I Should Be Writing podcast This is a practical and inspiring podcast: I Should Be Writing by Mur Lafferty. She describes the podcast as â€Å"For wanna-be fiction writers, by a wanna-be fiction writer† (though since starting it several years ago, she’s had considerable success selling her short stories) and focuses on science fiction and fantasy. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Fiction Writing category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:20 Computer Terms You Should KnowAwoken or Awakened?Dissatisfied vs. Unsatisfied

Brown v Board of Education Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Brown v Board of Education - Research Paper Example Thus, public schools could achieve only limited success in integration of white and black students in desegregated schools. A study involving six communities and schools reveals that educators tried to convince the middle class white parents and students for desegregation so as to prevent them from moving out which would make the public schools economically unviable. At the same time, black students were often asked to leave their community schools by offering them bus facilities and such actions resulted in the closure of those black schools. (Wells, Holmes and Revilla). The policy makers tried to bring about color blindness in toto. It was to some extent achieved as stated by the authors â€Å"†¦.when several of the districts and schools we studied had seen a great deal of racial tension and even â€Å"rioting†. By the late 70s, a degree of clam had returned; not talking about race seemed the best way to â€Å"keep the peace† and â€Å"to keep the lid on things † (Wells, Holmes and Revilla 13). Major Claim   A Prejudice and unequal treatment Although schools were desegregated and students of color and whites started attending the same public schools, the administration put the black students in separate class rooms within the same schools. Their needs were often ignored (Wells, Holmes and Revilla). African Americans are over represented in special education The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)3 provides for free public education to students with disabilities. This special education efforts call for initiatives on the part of schools to have appropriate procedures to ensure that a child referred for special education is actually a child with... The paper tells that the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) provides for free public education to students with disabilities. This special education efforts call for initiatives on the part of schools to have appropriate procedures to ensure that a child referred for special education is actually a child with disability requiring special education. It is often the case that wrong cases of children are referred for special education. It is especially the case with African American students in many districts of the country. This results in a disproportionate representation of group membership for special education. Overrepresentation in special education is said to occur when the membership of a particular group, say African Americans is found to be larger than the percentage of that group in the overall educational system or within a given disability group. Such a variance is a cause for concern (Council For Exceptional Children and Black School Education). It has been contended that disproportionate representation of African American students in special education results due to inadequate/wrong allocation of educational resources, wrongful curriculum and pedagogy, and insufficient teacher preparation. The White privilege and racism is charged with referring disproportionate number of African American students for special education categories such as mental retardation and learning disabilities. Such students once labeled as such tend to show results in achievement gains and come out of special education at rates much higher than those of their counterparts in White students with disabilities.

Aesthetic Consumption Everyday Life Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 3

Aesthetic Consumption Everyday Life - Essay Example The researcher states that we have seen various professionals, more so women creating at least thirty or more minutes to drive out of their workplaces and attend their favorite beauty avenues, and this comprises of salons, jewelry outlets, massage centers and fashion houses among others to keep their beauty or aesthetics at the peak Furthermore, magazines and articles on modern aesthetics are rated to be the most read and this is a clear indication of the modern generation’s dedication to fashion, textile, and jewelry among aesthetic elements. These factors have driven consumer researchers to dig more into the daily consumption of aesthetic elements with regard to today’s economy. There are four basic theories associated with various types of jewelry consumers and these are the traditional, the pragmatic, the minimalist and the critical or allegorical aesthetic consumers. The traditional aesthetic consumers are those who believe that jewels were designed and made for th eir own sake. The jewel is more of intrinsic value than instrumental as other people may see it. These are the people who do not care whether the nose ring was made a decade ago; the most important thing is that they have the ring. The critical jewelry consumers are those are ever updated on the trending or the most recent jewels. They are the ones who do not want to go to a social avenue and realize they do not have the new â€Å"Gucci bracelet diamond† that would automatically ruin their confidence. Critical jewelry consumers would end up spending their entire savings just to have that modern diamond chain to dominate a certain social group. Their main motive is to remain on the top and seen as an icon. Majority of critical jewelry consumers like musicians, actors, comedians, athletes, Media personalities and designers among others people who demand the public attention.